Rivers in Nepal
The diverse physical topography of Nepal is proved to be a boon of nature. Owing to this feature, there are many types of rivers in Nepal. Rivers are Nepal’s main source of water and because of this source, the country is ranked the second richest in the world in water resources.
There are more than 6,000 rivers and rivulets in the country. These are categorized as the first, second, and third-grade rivers. Those perennial rivers such as Koshi and Trishuli which are fed by snow in the main Himalayas are known as the first-grade rivers. The three river systems the Koshi, Karnali, and the Gandaki fall under this category.
These are the main rivers of Nepal. The second-grade rivers of Nepal are those which originate from the springs in the Mahabharat range. Many of these get dried in dry winter. Finally, the shortest rivers with their origin in the Chure range are known as the third-grade rivers. They flow only with the rainwater.
Rivers are the main source of water in Nepal. They supply water for drinking and irrigation. Additionally, they supply construction materials such as sand, pebbles, and stones. Many roads run along the river banks. As an active agent of change, rivers have formed different landforms such as V-shaped valleys, I-shaped valleys, river basins, and alluvial plains. The fertile river banks have served as the cradle of ancient civilizations. Rivers can be harnessed to generate electricity, too.
Rivers of Nepal flow down a steep slope, they are considered ideal for generating hydroelectricity. Our hydroelectricity potential thus stands at 83,000 MW. Large rivers also serve as water routes. Rivers of Nepal also act as the local and international borders. Many are suitable for adventures such as rafting and bungee jumping. Besides, rivers provide shelter to many aquatic animals and add to the beauty of the natural landscape. Rivers in Nepal are treated religiously. These are holy phenomena.
There are some demerits of the rivers of Nepal. Many are small or swift for navigation. Large rivers also have disastrous effects. Many are reinforced by summer monsoon rain. When they are swollen, they sweep away settlement and cultivation areas. All rivers are active agents of erosion.
With the growth of population and urbanization, our rivers are getting badly polluted. Riversides are being illegally occupied by people. We have not been able to realize the high potential of our rivers due to poor economic conditions, backward technology, and unskilled manpower. Proper utilization of these rivers is sure to raise the economic status of the country.
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